By Jessica Golba, MSW, LSW
Youth First
Laziness and daydreaming are some words people may associate with someone diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. This is a common misconception that people with ADHD are lazy. ADHD goes beyond that preconceived notion. ADHD is a medical condition; more specifically it is a neurological disorder. The psychical makeup of the human brain is altered; the development and functioning of one’s brain is changed than what is typical. In the makeup of the brain, there are parts that have the role of being in charge of our executive functioning. These parts that are affected include the abilities to plan and organize, the execution of tasks, the ability to maintain focused, level of attention given to something, management of emotions and impulses. An individual who has ADHD are likely to have lower levels of dopamine, which is a chemical located in the brain that is responsible for regulating motivation and attention.
ADHD and its symptoms can have an impact on all aspects and areas of someone’s life. ADHD can affect someone’s abilities at work, as well as personal management. There are two types of ADHD: Inattentive type and Hyperactive/impulsive type. Someone may have both types, referred to as combined type. Symptoms of Inattentive type often include losing needed items (cell phone, glasses, car or house keys), struggles with remaining focused on certain tasks and activities such as conversations, and having difficulty fully listening when spoken to (sometimes distracted by something else or interrupting the person speaking). Symptoms of hyperactive/impulsive type include fidgeting with an object, trouble with sitting still, interrupting others during conversation and answering a question before it is fully asked. Symptoms of the combined type include symptoms of each type.
From studies conducted, it is proven that an anatomical difference is present between the brains of people diagnosed with ADHD and people who do not have ADHD. While there is currently no known cause for ADHD, there is research continuing to be completed to learn of more evidence linked to the causes of ADHD. There have been numerous factors, non-genetic, found to be connected to ADHD. Some of these factors include a premature birth, the mother and baby enduring high levels of stress during pregnancy, or the baby being exposed to toxins, such as smoking or alcohol.
Over 65 percent of individuals with ADHD have another condition they are diagnosed with, this is known as a coexisting condition. Some possible coexisting conditions someone with ADHD might have include anxiety disorder, depressive disorders, mood disorders, behavioral disorders, conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorder, problems associated with sleeping and learning disabilities.
There are a variety of treatments available for ADHD. Typically, the most common treatments are therapy, medication and/or changes to one’s lifestyle. No treatment will work the exact same for everyone. It is important, and encouraged, to talk with a professional about any concerns, questions, or interests you have in ADHD treatments. With the appropriate treatment, someone with ADHD is capable of having a life of fulfillment and success.
Jessica Golba, MSW, LSW, serves as Youth First Social Worker at Annunciation Catholic School at Christ the King and Holy Spirit, both in Evansville.